The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq

Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat; Batool Fayidh Mohammed; Takrid Muneam Nafae; Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI; Abbas Alamiry

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11

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The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq

Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat, Batool Fayidh Mohammed, Takrid Muneam Nafae, Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI, Abbas Alamiry

Published in Science Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 5)

Received: 1 July 2017 Accepted: 18 July 2017 Published: 31 October 2017

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Abstract

Exposure to radon and its daughters is one of the important contributions for radiation doses to the publics. In this study, concentrations of radon gas were measured in air at Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Site and some surrounding areas. Measurements were achieved by RAD7 (radon detector), manufactured by DURRIDGE COMPANY Inc. Indoor radon concentration plays a vital role in the total effective dose in the indoor environments. The measurement of the indoor radon concentrations ranged from (4.96±4.4 to 102±25) Bq/m³ this high value of radon has been found at Decommissioning Directorate /emergency room, which is lower than the action value recommended by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) which is (148 Bq/m³) while the lowest value has been founded in the Central Laboratories Directorate \ models Room. These values were used to calculate the annual effective dose, the dose exposed to the soft tissues other than the lungs D_{soft tissue}, the dose rate due to alpha-radiation D_lung and the effective dose equivalent rate H_eff. The values of the annual effective doses for ²²²Rn inhalation by the people were calculated and ranged from (0.124992 to 2.5704) mSv/y these result are lower than the value of (10 mSv/y) recommended by the ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection). It has been observed that winter concentration of indoor radon are greater than summer concentrations. The higher amount in the winter is attributed to the observation that people normally keep their windows closed during the winter, allowing indoor radon concentrations to rise. The lower radon concentrations in the summer might occur because people often open their windows, allowing low-radon outside air to enter the home. The results from this study show that the region has background radioactivity levels within the natural limits.

Published in	Science Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11
Page(s)	109-123
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Radon, Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Site, RAD7

References

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Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat, Batool Fayidh Mohammed, Takrid Muneam Nafae, Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI, Abbas Alamiry. (2017). The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq. Science Journal of Energy Engineering, 5(5), 109-123. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11

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ACS Style

Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat; Batool Fayidh Mohammed; Takrid Muneam Nafae; Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI; Abbas Alamiry. The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq. Sci. J. Energy Eng. 2017, 5(5), 109-123. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11

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Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat, Batool Fayidh Mohammed, Takrid Muneam Nafae, Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI, Abbas Alamiry. The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq. Sci J Energy Eng. 2017;5(5):109-123. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11

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@article{10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11,
  author = {Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat and Batool Fayidh Mohammed and Takrid Muneam Nafae and Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI and Abbas Alamiry},
  title = {The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq},
  journal = {Science Journal of Energy Engineering},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {109-123},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjee.20170505.11},
  abstract = {Exposure to radon and its daughters is one of the important contributions for radiation doses to the publics. In this study, concentrations of radon gas were measured in air at Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Site and some surrounding areas. Measurements were achieved by RAD7 (radon detector), manufactured by DURRIDGE COMPANY Inc. Indoor radon concentration plays a vital role in the total effective dose in the indoor environments. The measurement of the indoor radon concentrations ranged from (4.96±4.4 to 102±25) Bq/m3 this high value of radon has been found at Decommissioning Directorate /emergency room, which is lower than the action value recommended by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) which is (148 Bq/m3) while the lowest value has been founded in the Central Laboratories Directorate \ models Room. These values were used to calculate the annual effective dose, the dose exposed to the soft tissues other than the lungs Dsoft tissue, the dose rate due to alpha-radiation Dlung and the effective dose equivalent rate Heff. The values of the annual effective doses for 222Rn inhalation by the people were calculated and ranged from (0.124992 to 2.5704) mSv/y these result are lower than the value of (10 mSv/y) recommended by the ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection). It has been observed that winter concentration of indoor radon are greater than summer concentrations. The higher amount in the winter is attributed to the observation that people normally keep their windows closed during the winter, allowing indoor radon concentrations to rise. The lower radon concentrations in the summer might occur because people often open their windows, allowing low-radon outside air to enter the home. The results from this study show that the region has background radioactivity levels within the natural limits.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq
AU - Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat
AU - Batool Fayidh Mohammed
AU - Takrid Muneam Nafae
AU - Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI
AU - Abbas Alamiry
Y1 - 2017/10/31
PY - 2017
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11
DO - 10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11
T2 - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
JF - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
JO - Science Journal of Energy Engineering
SP - 109
EP - 123
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2376-8126
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11
AB - Exposure to radon and its daughters is one of the important contributions for radiation doses to the publics. In this study, concentrations of radon gas were measured in air at Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Site and some surrounding areas. Measurements were achieved by RAD7 (radon detector), manufactured by DURRIDGE COMPANY Inc. Indoor radon concentration plays a vital role in the total effective dose in the indoor environments. The measurement of the indoor radon concentrations ranged from (4.96±4.4 to 102±25) Bq/m3 this high value of radon has been found at Decommissioning Directorate /emergency room, which is lower than the action value recommended by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) which is (148 Bq/m3) while the lowest value has been founded in the Central Laboratories Directorate \ models Room. These values were used to calculate the annual effective dose, the dose exposed to the soft tissues other than the lungs Dsoft tissue, the dose rate due to alpha-radiation Dlung and the effective dose equivalent rate Heff. The values of the annual effective doses for 222Rn inhalation by the people were calculated and ranged from (0.124992 to 2.5704) mSv/y these result are lower than the value of (10 mSv/y) recommended by the ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection). It has been observed that winter concentration of indoor radon are greater than summer concentrations. The higher amount in the winter is attributed to the observation that people normally keep their windows closed during the winter, allowing indoor radon concentrations to rise. The lower radon concentrations in the summer might occur because people often open their windows, allowing low-radon outside air to enter the home. The results from this study show that the region has background radioactivity levels within the natural limits.
VL - 5
IS - 5
ER -

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Author Information

Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat

Radiation and Safety Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
Batool Fayidh Mohammed

Department of Physics, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Takrid Muneam Nafae

Radiation and Safety Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI

Department of Physics, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Abbas Alamiry

Radiation and Safety Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

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Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat, Batool Fayidh Mohammed, Takrid Muneam Nafae, Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI, Abbas Alamiry. (2017). The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq. Science Journal of Energy Engineering, 5(5), 109-123. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11

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Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat; Batool Fayidh Mohammed; Takrid Muneam Nafae; Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI; Abbas Alamiry. The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq. Sci. J. Energy Eng. 2017, 5(5), 109-123. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11

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Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat, Batool Fayidh Mohammed, Takrid Muneam Nafae, Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI, Abbas Alamiry. The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq. Sci J Energy Eng. 2017;5(5):109-123. doi: 10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11

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@article{10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11,
  author = {Yousif Muhsin Zayir AL-Bakhat and Batool Fayidh Mohammed and Takrid Muneam Nafae and Nidhala H. K. AL-ANI and Abbas Alamiry},
  title = {The Estimation of Dose Relationships for the Inhalation of Radon and the Difference in Activities During the Year Using RAD7 in Iraq},
  journal = {Science Journal of Energy Engineering},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {109-123},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjee.20170505.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjee.20170505.11},
  abstract = {Exposure to radon and its daughters is one of the important contributions for radiation doses to the publics. In this study, concentrations of radon gas were measured in air at Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Site and some surrounding areas. Measurements were achieved by RAD7 (radon detector), manufactured by DURRIDGE COMPANY Inc. Indoor radon concentration plays a vital role in the total effective dose in the indoor environments. The measurement of the indoor radon concentrations ranged from (4.96±4.4 to 102±25) Bq/m3 this high value of radon has been found at Decommissioning Directorate /emergency room, which is lower than the action value recommended by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) which is (148 Bq/m3) while the lowest value has been founded in the Central Laboratories Directorate \ models Room. These values were used to calculate the annual effective dose, the dose exposed to the soft tissues other than the lungs Dsoft tissue, the dose rate due to alpha-radiation Dlung and the effective dose equivalent rate Heff. The values of the annual effective doses for 222Rn inhalation by the people were calculated and ranged from (0.124992 to 2.5704) mSv/y these result are lower than the value of (10 mSv/y) recommended by the ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection). It has been observed that winter concentration of indoor radon are greater than summer concentrations. The higher amount in the winter is attributed to the observation that people normally keep their windows closed during the winter, allowing indoor radon concentrations to rise. The lower radon concentrations in the summer might occur because people often open their windows, allowing low-radon outside air to enter the home. The results from this study show that the region has background radioactivity levels within the natural limits.},
 year = {2017}
}

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