Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions

Mutasim H. Elhussien; Rashida M. Hussein; Sumia A. Nimir; Mawia H. Elsaim

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12

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Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions

Mutasim H. Elhussien, Rashida M. Hussein, Sumia A. Nimir, Mawia H. Elsaim

Published in American Journal of Physical Chemistry (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 27 June 2017 Accepted: 10 July 2017 Published: 31 July 2017

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Abstract

Removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from Palm tree leaves (Phoenix dactylifera) as a novel precursor by chemical activation with ZnCl₂, at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as AC(PTL)ZnCl₂. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PTL)ZnCl₂ for the removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial metal concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature on the efficiency of Pb (II) removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Pb (II) on AC(PTL)ZnCl₂(86.4%) was observed at pH 5.81. The optimum conditions for adsorbent dose and temperature were determined as 0.030 g and 25°C, respectively. Initial Pb (II) concentrations has important effect on AC(PTL)ZnCl₂ in the studied range (25–125 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the metal ion decrease. The highest percentage removal of concentration corresponding to the maximum adsorption was found to be 82.75 ± 3.65. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm. The parameters suggested that the adsorption of Pb (II) on prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl₂ is physical adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm which fitted best for the experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R² = 0.9463) higher than the (Freundlich isotherm, R² = 0.7554), but more close to (Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm, R² = 0.9260). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl₂ were also investigated.

Published in	American Journal of Physical Chemistry (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12
Page(s)	59-69
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Adsorption Isotherms, Activated Carbon, Palm Tree Leaves, Lead (II), Surface Area, Pore Size, SEM, FTIR

References

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APA Style

Mutasim H. Elhussien, Rashida M. Hussein, Sumia A. Nimir, Mawia H. Elsaim. (2017). Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions. American Journal of Physical Chemistry, 6(4), 59-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12

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ACS Style

Mutasim H. Elhussien; Rashida M. Hussein; Sumia A. Nimir; Mawia H. Elsaim. Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions. Am. J. Phys. Chem. 2017, 6(4), 59-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12

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AMA Style

Mutasim H. Elhussien, Rashida M. Hussein, Sumia A. Nimir, Mawia H. Elsaim. Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions. Am J Phys Chem. 2017;6(4):59-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12,
  author = {Mutasim H. Elhussien and Rashida M. Hussein and Sumia A. Nimir and Mawia H. Elsaim},
  title = {Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions},
  journal = {American Journal of Physical Chemistry},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {59-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpc.20170604.12},
  abstract = {Removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from Palm tree leaves (Phoenix dactylifera) as a novel precursor by chemical activation with ZnCl2, at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as AC(PTL)ZnCl2. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PTL)ZnCl2 for the removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial metal concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature on the efficiency of Pb (II) removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Pb (II) on AC(PTL)ZnCl2(86.4%) was observed at pH 5.81. The optimum conditions for adsorbent dose and temperature were determined as 0.030 g and 25°C, respectively. Initial Pb (II) concentrations has important effect on AC(PTL)ZnCl2 in the studied range (25–125 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the metal ion decrease. The highest percentage removal of concentration corresponding to the maximum adsorption was found to be 82.75 ± 3.65. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm. The parameters suggested that the adsorption of Pb (II) on prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl2 is physical adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm which fitted best for the experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R2 = 0.9463) higher than the (Freundlich isotherm, R2 = 0.7554), but more close to (Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm, R2 = 0.9260). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl2 were also investigated.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions
AU  - Mutasim H. Elhussien
AU  - Rashida M. Hussein
AU  - Sumia A. Nimir
AU  - Mawia H. Elsaim
Y1  - 2017/07/31
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12
T2  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
SP  - 59
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2449
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12
AB  - Removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from Palm tree leaves (Phoenix dactylifera) as a novel precursor by chemical activation with ZnCl2, at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as AC(PTL)ZnCl2. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PTL)ZnCl2 for the removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial metal concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature on the efficiency of Pb (II) removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Pb (II) on AC(PTL)ZnCl2(86.4%) was observed at pH 5.81. The optimum conditions for adsorbent dose and temperature were determined as 0.030 g and 25°C, respectively. Initial Pb (II) concentrations has important effect on AC(PTL)ZnCl2 in the studied range (25–125 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the metal ion decrease. The highest percentage removal of concentration corresponding to the maximum adsorption was found to be 82.75 ± 3.65. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm. The parameters suggested that the adsorption of Pb (II) on prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl2 is physical adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm which fitted best for the experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R2 = 0.9463) higher than the (Freundlich isotherm, R2 = 0.7554), but more close to (Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm, R2 = 0.9260). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl2 were also investigated.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Mutasim H. Elhussien

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Nile Valley University, Atbara, Sudan
Rashida M. Hussein

Department of Chemistry, Inaya Medical College, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Sumia A. Nimir

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Nile Valley University, Atbara, Sudan
Mawia H. Elsaim

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Abdulatif Alhamed University of Technology, Merowe, Sudan

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APA Style

Mutasim H. Elhussien, Rashida M. Hussein, Sumia A. Nimir, Mawia H. Elsaim. (2017). Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions. American Journal of Physical Chemistry, 6(4), 59-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12

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ACS Style

Mutasim H. Elhussien; Rashida M. Hussein; Sumia A. Nimir; Mawia H. Elsaim. Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions. Am. J. Phys. Chem. 2017, 6(4), 59-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12

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AMA Style

Mutasim H. Elhussien, Rashida M. Hussein, Sumia A. Nimir, Mawia H. Elsaim. Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions. Am J Phys Chem. 2017;6(4):59-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12,
  author = {Mutasim H. Elhussien and Rashida M. Hussein and Sumia A. Nimir and Mawia H. Elsaim},
  title = {Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions},
  journal = {American Journal of Physical Chemistry},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {59-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpc.20170604.12},
  abstract = {Removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from Palm tree leaves (Phoenix dactylifera) as a novel precursor by chemical activation with ZnCl2, at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as AC(PTL)ZnCl2. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PTL)ZnCl2 for the removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial metal concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature on the efficiency of Pb (II) removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Pb (II) on AC(PTL)ZnCl2(86.4%) was observed at pH 5.81. The optimum conditions for adsorbent dose and temperature were determined as 0.030 g and 25°C, respectively. Initial Pb (II) concentrations has important effect on AC(PTL)ZnCl2 in the studied range (25–125 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the metal ion decrease. The highest percentage removal of concentration corresponding to the maximum adsorption was found to be 82.75 ± 3.65. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm. The parameters suggested that the adsorption of Pb (II) on prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl2 is physical adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm which fitted best for the experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R2 = 0.9463) higher than the (Freundlich isotherm, R2 = 0.7554), but more close to (Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm, R2 = 0.9260). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl2 were also investigated.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Tree Leaves Impregnated with Zinc Chloride for the Removal of Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions
AU  - Mutasim H. Elhussien
AU  - Rashida M. Hussein
AU  - Sumia A. Nimir
AU  - Mawia H. Elsaim
Y1  - 2017/07/31
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12
T2  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
SP  - 59
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2449
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20170604.12
AB  - Removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution onto Activated carbon derived from Palm tree leaves (Phoenix dactylifera) as a novel precursor by chemical activation with ZnCl2, at specific condition of carbonization temperature at 500°C and 1 hour as a holding time and detonated as AC(PTL)ZnCl2. The obtained material was submitted to measurements of active surface area, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Batch-adsorption studied had been carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the AC(PTL)ZnCl2 for the removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solution. The effect of various process parameters like pH, initial metal concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature on the efficiency of Pb (II) removal was investigated. Maximum adsorption of Pb (II) on AC(PTL)ZnCl2(86.4%) was observed at pH 5.81. The optimum conditions for adsorbent dose and temperature were determined as 0.030 g and 25°C, respectively. Initial Pb (II) concentrations has important effect on AC(PTL)ZnCl2 in the studied range (25–125 mg/L) where the removal percentage increases as the metal ion decrease. The highest percentage removal of concentration corresponding to the maximum adsorption was found to be 82.75 ± 3.65. The adsorption equilibrium data was well explained by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm. The parameters suggested that the adsorption of Pb (II) on prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl2 is physical adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm which fitted best for the experimental data obtained showed (Correlation Coefficient, R2 = 0.9463) higher than the (Freundlich isotherm, R2 = 0.7554), but more close to (Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm, R2 = 0.9260). The porous characteristics and adsorption efficiencies of prepared AC(PTL)ZnCl2 were also investigated.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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