Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications

Chanelle Toerien-Hayes; Quy Nguyen; Joy Woods; Qiang Liu; Thomas Kupiec; Nicole Vu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13

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Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications

Chanelle Toerien-Hayes, Quy Nguyen, Joy Woods, Qiang Liu, Thomas Kupiec, Nicole Vu

Published in American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 17 May 2019 Accepted: 25 June 2019 Published: 5 August 2019

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Abstract

The vaginal route of administration has a large surface area with a rich blood supply demonstrating capacity for local absorption and systemic bioavailability of drugs. However, there are problems associated with current vaginal delivery method in terms of dosing precision and accuracy. In this report, the potential utility of the metered-dose Topi-CLICK^® Perl^™ system for vaginal delivery of feminine medication is presented. The aim was to evaluate the efficiency of Topi-CLICK^® Perl^™ for dosing accuracy, precision, and residual waste of medicaments relative to currently available dispensing systems. The results showed Topi-CLICK^® Perl^™ system to have the highest accuracy for a dose being correctly delivered more than 88% of the time. Whereas other commonly used dispenser systems, such as plastic or metal (aluminum) ointment tubes with smooth or ribbed applicators, exhibited not more than 10% of doses being within acceptable limits for accuracy. Medication waste was significantly minimized using Topi-CLICK^® Perl^™, which has an estimated overfill volume less than 6%. This required overfill volume ranged from 39% to 88% respectively, for the plastic and metal ointment tubes. Qualitatively, operators of Topi-CLICK^® Perl^™ found the metered-dose system the easiest to use with little mess. Based on these results, Topi-CLICK^® Perl^™ outperformed other traditional dispensing systems for vaginal drug delivery in accuracy and precision, with the least amount of residual medication waste.

Published in	American Journal of Internal Medicine (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13
Page(s)	93-101
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Topical Dispenser, Vaginal Drug Delivery, Feminine Product, Metered-dosing Device, Vaginal Applicator, Topi-CLICK^® Perl^™, Ointment Tube

References

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[2]	Mazloomdoost D, Westermann LB, Mutema G, et al. Histologic Anatomy of the Anterior Vagina and Urethra. Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery. 2017; 23 (5): 329-335.
[3]	Srikrishna S, Cardozo L. The Vagina as a Route for Drug Delivery: A Review. Int Urogynecol J. 2013 Apr; 24 (4): 537-43.
[4]	Sahoo CK, Nayak PK, Sarangi DK, Sahoo TK. Intra Vaginal Drug Delivery System: An Overview. American Journal of Advanced Drug Delivery. 2013; 1: 43-55.
[5]	Gupta S, Prabha V. Intravaginal Delivery Approaches for Contraception: An Overview with Emphasis on Gels. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2017; 20 (0): 270-284.
[6]	Fraser IS, Mansour D. Delivery Systems for Hormone Replacement Therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2006 Mar; 3 (2): 191-204.
[7]	McConville C. The Therapeutic Potential of Vaginal Drug Delivery in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer. Ther Deliv. 2015 Jul; 6 (7): 888.
[8]	Sawant B, Khan T. Recent Advances in Delivery of Antifungal Agents for Therapeutic Management of Candidiasis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Dec; 96: 1478-1490.
[9]	Nel A, Niekerk N, Kapiga S, et al. Safety and Efficacy of a Dapivirine Vaginal Ring for HIV Prevention in Women. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2016; 375 (22): 21332143.
[10]	Brown MT, Bussell JK. Medication Adherence: Who Cares? Mayo Clin Proc. 2011 April; 86 (11): 304-314.
[11]	Zullig LL, Bosworth H. Engaging patients to Optimize Medications Adherence. May 14, 2017. https://catalyst.nejm.org/optimize-patients-medication-adherence/.
[12]	Kim J, Combs K, Downs J. Tillman III F. Medication Adherence: The Elephant in the Room. Jan 19, 2018. https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/medication-adherence-the-elephant-in-the-room.
[13]	Estradiol (topical) monograph. Lexi-Comp Online, Lexi-Drugs Online, Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp Inc., 2004, October 16, 2018.
[14]	Anand S, Mane D. Collapsible Tube for Pharmaceutical Use. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences. 2014; 3 (2): 291-398.
[15]	Guidelines on Packaging for Pharmaceuticcal Products. World Health Organization. 2002; 902: 119-156.

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APA Style

Chanelle Toerien-Hayes, Quy Nguyen, Joy Woods, Qiang Liu, Thomas Kupiec, et al. (2019). Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 7(4), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13

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ACS Style

Chanelle Toerien-Hayes; Quy Nguyen; Joy Woods; Qiang Liu; Thomas Kupiec, et al. Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2019, 7(4), 93-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13

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AMA Style

Chanelle Toerien-Hayes, Quy Nguyen, Joy Woods, Qiang Liu, Thomas Kupiec, et al. Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications. Am J Intern Med. 2019;7(4):93-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13,
  author = {Chanelle Toerien-Hayes and Quy Nguyen and Joy Woods and Qiang Liu and Thomas Kupiec and Nicole Vu},
  title = {Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {93-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20190704.13},
  abstract = {The vaginal route of administration has a large surface area with a rich blood supply demonstrating capacity for local absorption and systemic bioavailability of drugs. However, there are problems associated with current vaginal delivery method in terms of dosing precision and accuracy. In this report, the potential utility of the metered-dose Topi-CLICK® Perl™ system for vaginal delivery of feminine medication is presented. The aim was to evaluate the efficiency of Topi-CLICK® Perl™ for dosing accuracy, precision, and residual waste of medicaments relative to currently available dispensing systems. The results showed Topi-CLICK® Perl™ system to have the highest accuracy for a dose being correctly delivered more than 88% of the time. Whereas other commonly used dispenser systems, such as plastic or metal (aluminum) ointment tubes with smooth or ribbed applicators, exhibited not more than 10% of doses being within acceptable limits for accuracy. Medication waste was significantly minimized using Topi-CLICK® Perl™, which has an estimated overfill volume less than 6%. This required overfill volume ranged from 39% to 88% respectively, for the plastic and metal ointment tubes. Qualitatively, operators of Topi-CLICK® Perl™ found the metered-dose system the easiest to use with little mess. Based on these results, Topi-CLICK® Perl™ outperformed other traditional dispensing systems for vaginal drug delivery in accuracy and precision, with the least amount of residual medication waste.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications
AU  - Chanelle Toerien-Hayes
AU  - Quy Nguyen
AU  - Joy Woods
AU  - Qiang Liu
AU  - Thomas Kupiec
AU  - Nicole Vu
Y1  - 2019/08/05
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 93
EP  - 101
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13
AB  - The vaginal route of administration has a large surface area with a rich blood supply demonstrating capacity for local absorption and systemic bioavailability of drugs. However, there are problems associated with current vaginal delivery method in terms of dosing precision and accuracy. In this report, the potential utility of the metered-dose Topi-CLICK® Perl™ system for vaginal delivery of feminine medication is presented. The aim was to evaluate the efficiency of Topi-CLICK® Perl™ for dosing accuracy, precision, and residual waste of medicaments relative to currently available dispensing systems. The results showed Topi-CLICK® Perl™ system to have the highest accuracy for a dose being correctly delivered more than 88% of the time. Whereas other commonly used dispenser systems, such as plastic or metal (aluminum) ointment tubes with smooth or ribbed applicators, exhibited not more than 10% of doses being within acceptable limits for accuracy. Medication waste was significantly minimized using Topi-CLICK® Perl™, which has an estimated overfill volume less than 6%. This required overfill volume ranged from 39% to 88% respectively, for the plastic and metal ointment tubes. Qualitatively, operators of Topi-CLICK® Perl™ found the metered-dose system the easiest to use with little mess. Based on these results, Topi-CLICK® Perl™ outperformed other traditional dispensing systems for vaginal drug delivery in accuracy and precision, with the least amount of residual medication waste.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Chanelle Toerien-Hayes

Analytical Research Laboratories (ARL) Bio Pharma, Oklahoma City, USA
Quy Nguyen

University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Pharmacy, Oklahoma City, USA
Joy Woods

University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Pharmacy, Oklahoma City, USA
Qiang Liu

Analytical Research Laboratories (ARL) Bio Pharma, Oklahoma City, USA
Thomas Kupiec

Analytical Research Laboratories (ARL) Bio Pharma, Oklahoma City, USA
Nicole Vu

Analytical Research Laboratories (ARL) Bio Pharma, Oklahoma City, USA

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Chanelle Toerien-Hayes, Quy Nguyen, Joy Woods, Qiang Liu, Thomas Kupiec, et al. (2019). Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 7(4), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13

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ACS Style

Chanelle Toerien-Hayes; Quy Nguyen; Joy Woods; Qiang Liu; Thomas Kupiec, et al. Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2019, 7(4), 93-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13

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AMA Style

Chanelle Toerien-Hayes, Quy Nguyen, Joy Woods, Qiang Liu, Thomas Kupiec, et al. Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications. Am J Intern Med. 2019;7(4):93-101. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13,
  author = {Chanelle Toerien-Hayes and Quy Nguyen and Joy Woods and Qiang Liu and Thomas Kupiec and Nicole Vu},
  title = {Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications},
  journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {93-101},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20190704.13},
  abstract = {The vaginal route of administration has a large surface area with a rich blood supply demonstrating capacity for local absorption and systemic bioavailability of drugs. However, there are problems associated with current vaginal delivery method in terms of dosing precision and accuracy. In this report, the potential utility of the metered-dose Topi-CLICK® Perl™ system for vaginal delivery of feminine medication is presented. The aim was to evaluate the efficiency of Topi-CLICK® Perl™ for dosing accuracy, precision, and residual waste of medicaments relative to currently available dispensing systems. The results showed Topi-CLICK® Perl™ system to have the highest accuracy for a dose being correctly delivered more than 88% of the time. Whereas other commonly used dispenser systems, such as plastic or metal (aluminum) ointment tubes with smooth or ribbed applicators, exhibited not more than 10% of doses being within acceptable limits for accuracy. Medication waste was significantly minimized using Topi-CLICK® Perl™, which has an estimated overfill volume less than 6%. This required overfill volume ranged from 39% to 88% respectively, for the plastic and metal ointment tubes. Qualitatively, operators of Topi-CLICK® Perl™ found the metered-dose system the easiest to use with little mess. Based on these results, Topi-CLICK® Perl™ outperformed other traditional dispensing systems for vaginal drug delivery in accuracy and precision, with the least amount of residual medication waste.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Topical Dispenser Systems for Vaginal Delivery of Feminine Medications
AU  - Chanelle Toerien-Hayes
AU  - Quy Nguyen
AU  - Joy Woods
AU  - Qiang Liu
AU  - Thomas Kupiec
AU  - Nicole Vu
Y1  - 2019/08/05
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13
T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
SP  - 93
EP  - 101
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-4324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20190704.13
AB  - The vaginal route of administration has a large surface area with a rich blood supply demonstrating capacity for local absorption and systemic bioavailability of drugs. However, there are problems associated with current vaginal delivery method in terms of dosing precision and accuracy. In this report, the potential utility of the metered-dose Topi-CLICK® Perl™ system for vaginal delivery of feminine medication is presented. The aim was to evaluate the efficiency of Topi-CLICK® Perl™ for dosing accuracy, precision, and residual waste of medicaments relative to currently available dispensing systems. The results showed Topi-CLICK® Perl™ system to have the highest accuracy for a dose being correctly delivered more than 88% of the time. Whereas other commonly used dispenser systems, such as plastic or metal (aluminum) ointment tubes with smooth or ribbed applicators, exhibited not more than 10% of doses being within acceptable limits for accuracy. Medication waste was significantly minimized using Topi-CLICK® Perl™, which has an estimated overfill volume less than 6%. This required overfill volume ranged from 39% to 88% respectively, for the plastic and metal ointment tubes. Qualitatively, operators of Topi-CLICK® Perl™ found the metered-dose system the easiest to use with little mess. Based on these results, Topi-CLICK® Perl™ outperformed other traditional dispensing systems for vaginal drug delivery in accuracy and precision, with the least amount of residual medication waste.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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